The global pattern of foreign direct investment in the years 2000-2011 Essay

The global pattern of foreign direct investment in the years 2000-2011 - Essay Example Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is perceived as one of the important measures of increasing economic globalization. As because of increasing globalization and international trade, transnational corporations (TNCs) are able to invest in different overseas projects and shift their operations to different regions of the world (Globerman, & Shapiro, 2003). It is important to understand and analyze the concept of the foreign direct investment as it is directly related with the globalization in the today’s world (Noorbakhsh, Paloni, & Youssef, 2001). Because of increasing globalization and international trade, more and more foreign investors are investing their money in different projects overseas. It is important to notice that overall foreign direct investment (FDI) increased to around $ 33 billion in the year 2008 as compared to $ 5 billion in the year 2000 (UNCTAD, 2010). However, there was sharp decline in global foreign direct investment (FDI) in the year 2009 to around $ 28 b illion. This was because of the global economic recession. Overall economic recession and downturn forced the transnational corporations (TNCs) to cut down their overall investments and expenditures which in turn negatively influenced the global foreign direct investment (FDI). Most of these foreign direct investments (FDI) are directed towards the developing countries and least developed countries. The multinational corporations (MNCs) and transnational corporations (TNCs) are looking forward to exploit the abundance of low priced resources of these developing and under developed countries and thus shift more operations in these countries. Therefore, foreign investment flows from the developed countries towards least developed countries (Chakrabarti, 2001). The third world and developing countries are enriched with the resource of foreign direct investment (FDI). In the year 2010, overall global foreign direct investment (FDI) almost remained constant and reflected only a growth of around 0.7 percent. However, in the same year the foreign direct investment (FDI) to the developing countries increased by around 10 percent. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is important in order to maintain consistent growth and development all over the world (Blonigen, 2005). This facilitates the process of transferring the resources and funds from more developed countries to developing countries. Investors from developed countries are able to take advantage of relatively cheaper and low cost labour and other resources in the third world countries; while at the same time the third world countries are able to gain from the foreign investment which helps them in improving the overall economic condition (Neuhaus, 2005). For this very reason, many third world and developing countries have come up with different methods and strategies for attracting more foreign direct investment (FDI). For example, trade free zones, special tariffs, and easy regulations for foreign investors. Owing t o the high importance of the topic and the strong relation of the topic with the globalization and overall global economic condition, in this report an attempt has been made to analyze and evaluate

Increasing Hate Crime Awareness in the US Essay Example for Free

Increasing Hate Crime Awareness in the US Essay Though latest report released last October 2006 by the US Department of Justice FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program showed a decrease in total number of reported incidents, 7,163 in 2005 vs. 7,649 in 2004 (Hate Crime Statistics 2005), there has been an inversely growing awareness on this topic among various stakeholders legislators, law enforcement officials, and the American public – such that term â€Å"hate crime† has become a part of everyday vernacular among Americans. Three factors contributed to this growing awareness. Firstly, the organizational initiatives, normally the offended party group in order to protect their civil rights, are taking active roles, through their advocacy campaigns, support services and education programs. Prominent proponents, among others, are American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) for all Americans, Anti-Defamation League (ADL) for the Jewish, Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG), Massachusetts Office on Disability (MOD), La Alianza Hispana for the Latin-Hispanics and National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) for African-American group. Secondly, the Federal Government on its part, through the DA’s Office has a Civil Rights Unit composed of attorneys for education and intervention services, working in cooperation with victim-witness advocates. In addition, Governor’s Task Force on Hate Crime has its ‘Stop the Hate Website’ Campaign promoting awareness of hate crimes and providing resources for responding to and preventing such acts. Thirdly, concerned group initiatives, such as NGOs in the likes of Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) that combats hate, intolerance and discrimination through education programs and litigations, play an independent, third-party role in increasing hate crime awareness.

Total Quality Management And Continuous Quality Improvement Management Essay

Total Quality Management And Continuous Quality Improvement Management Essay Total Quality Management (TQM) Total quality management refers to organizational functions that denote the quality of products and process is the responsibility of every person involved in the creation and consumption of products and services offered by the organization (Hakes, 1991). The aim of TQM is to increase the product quality to meet the customer expectations. Thus, TQM process requires the participation of management, workforce, suppliers and customers. According to Cua et al. (2001), there are nine common TQM practices such as cross-functional product management,   supplier quality management, product process management, customer participation, customer  feedback, committed  leadership,  strategic planning, cross-functional training, and employee participation. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) Continuous Quality Improvement refers to philosophy of organizational product and service quality. This process leads to systematic analysis of organization for decision making process based on the facts and organization activity. It deals with risks involving the quality of the product and service by improving the communication both internally and externally. Through the systematic procedure of CQI employees and workforce are educated and team work relationship is created among them. According to It further creates Seymour (1992), CQI creates a structure conducive to never-ending, incremental improvement by developing cooperative workforce-management relations. Similarities between TQM and CQI As far as similarities between both approaches are concerned, CQI is such management approach which improves maintains the quality by emphasizing the regular internal assessment of causes of quality issues and it is further followed by the undertaken of reducing the quality risk and improving the product quality. CQI is the broader term of TQM they share number of similarities such as TQM similar to CQI is such approach which involves planning and implementing continuous improvements in quality. Thus, TQM utterly involves the employees and demands them to realize requirements of customers and client (Kanji, 1995), the use of data-related tool that assesses and improves the quality of the output produced by team. Both approaches share further following similarities: Non-stop improvement Customer or Client focus Structured and Systematic processes Wide participation of Organization Importance of TQM and CQI TQM and CQI possess an important role in the organizational management activity. Since, the principle task of these approaches is to ensure the quality of the product and service offered by the organization. These management approaches with goals are implemented and proceeded to achieve the quality issues along with the quality standard present in the organization. With the globalization and increased economic competitive environment high customers expectation has been observed. High customer expectation can possibly be met with by controlling the production process in terms of managing and maintaining the quality. Thus, quality management and quality improvement approaches have great importance to organization for a variety of reason. The importance of continuous quality improvement and total quality management can be understood by the following benefits availed by applying them: Product Quality: Quality management and quality improvement ensure that product is being manufactured by applying standard quality procedure. This may include performance of the product, reliability as well as durability. Thus, through these quality management and improvement organization is able to manage and improve the quality of the product by increasing its performance. In this regard, quality management struggle to produce product efficiency according to stated promises. Customer Satisfaction: For every organization it is very important to provide customer satisfaction to increase the organizational productivity. Quality management and quality improvement ensure the customer satisfaction by maintaining the quality such as conducting customer survey to understand what customer really want and who are the customers of the product. Thus, organization is able to have insight of competitors and customers. In this regard, customer survey results are used to target the customers for the product or services. The quality management and improvement programs are helpful use methodology to create particular type of product according to customers desire (Rogers, 1996). Increased Revenues: Quality of products and services maintained with the help of TQM and CQI leads to reputation of company. The reputation of company due to quality provides the company with the opportunity to gain more customers and increase the sale of the products. CQI and TQM increase the efficiency of the production system in the company (Winchell, 1991). The efficiency of production system is improved by the removal of inefficiency and defects in production activities that contribute to the quality of the products. For example, if workforce is not consuming much time on production activities to the products quality, thus, workers are spending more time in production activity but the company does not increase the salary. The application of CQI and TQM helps the company to re-capture the lost investment caused due to inefficiencies. Reduce Waste: The implementation of CQI and TQM in the organization allows the management to reduce the waste caused by the inefficient production activity. Company that house inventory pays for the storage, management and tracking of the inventory. The inventory cost of the company increases the price of the product and implementation of CQI and TQM reduces the cost of the inventory (McLaughlin Kaluzny, 2006). CQI and TQM build a systematic approach that keeps the inventory at the affordable level of waste. Benefits of Implementing CQI and TQM Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) with a systematic approach achieves continuous improvements in a product or service. The implementation of CQI allows defining the problem, mapping the process, identifying improvement opportunities, implementing the improvements and continually monitoring the outcomes for improvement opportunities. Other benefits of CQI are as follows: Use of Data: The implementation of CQI within the company allows using quantitative information such as output, defects rather than subjective information for improving the production process (Hubbard, 1993). The monitoring of the data helps to identify ongoing opportunities for the improvement in the quality process. Improved Morale: The implementation of CQI allows the management in the organization to focus on the improvement of employee morale without blaming the employee for the problems and defects occur in the business operational system. CQI rather focuses on the problem in the process than focusing on the people performing the process (White, 1997). Better Customer Service: Since CQI focuses on the continuous improvement in the performance and removal of the problem from the system, and increases and quality of the product and service, through the means of quality this process increase provision of better customer service by improving customer satisfaction (Dew Nearing, 2004). Increased Productivity: The removal of defects and other problems from the system leads to less waste and repeat of procedure by the employees. Less repetition of activity allows the organization to have increased productivity. Increased Revenue: The removal of errors and increased customer satisfaction provides the organization with the opportunity to increase the sales of the products and services which increases the revenue of the company. Benefits of Implementing Total Quality Management As far as benefits of implementing TQM are concerned commonly it allows the company to build its reputation by removing the faults and leading to zero defects. The management process helps the organization to have good relationship with employees by increasing their morale, team work and involvement in decision making process. As a result of quality control inspections and lower costs to the production process it can result in the following benefits: Higher Quality Products: TQM emphasizes the importance on the quality of product and as a result company is able to focus on the creation of high level quality production. TQM allows the management to be aware of quality level of products and services being provided by quality assurance product testing which is a key aspect of the Total Quality Management. Better Reviews from Customers: As a result of assuring the quality level of product and services, customers are more satisfied. Owing to quality assurance testing by TQM the products and services of the organization constantly meet the quality requirement of the customers. Thus, customer satisfaction as a result of high performance of product and service can lead to have good reviews from the customers and increased better reviews from client and customers further increases the sale of the product and business. Better Production from Employees: TQM stresses on the need to place attention on the fulfillment of employees requirements. The satisfaction of employees in the organization causes the company to achieve the objectives of the Total Quality Management. Employee satisfaction can increase the productivity of the organization as it creates motivation for the employees to work harder to achieve the organizational goals. Components and Factors of CQI There are three main factors or components of CQI i.e. customer satisfaction, scientific approach and team approach. Customer Satisfaction: The implementation of CQI in the organization requires working on the customer satisfaction by improving the internal system. The customer satisfaction may include customers participation, and the participation by employees in the organization performing different functions. Thus, according to Al-Assaf (1993), quality can be achieved when the needs and the expectation of the customers are met. Scientific Approach: The implementation of CQI also requires adopting scientific approach such as data analysis, system thinking, benchmarking and variation. The data analysis allows the management to take decision on the basis of sound proof. Systems thinking involve the process and relationship among the data. Benchmarking is used to identify the beast practice in related and unrelated setting to emulate as process or used as performance targets (MCLaughlin and Kaluzny, 1994) as results of the benchmarking are important in CQI (Buccini, 1993). Team Approach: The implementation of CQI process is better done if it is undertaken in team work than done by an individual. Thus, team approach is the main factor of the implementation of CQI and it needs support from the management, employees and other unit of the organization. As a result of team approach people from different departments perform as a team. Suggestions for the Future Implementation of CQI and TQM There are correlated concerns of many researches between organizational performances; structure and quality control system exist in the organization. Since the purpose of the implementing CQI and TQM is to enhance the possibility of the organization to achieve its goals by controlling the quality of information, building standards for evaluation and designing adequate rewards and punishments, the factors of CQI and TQM influence the manufacturing performance system. However, implementing CQI and TQM is the most effective and recognizable process to achieve the quality in the organization, the changes proposed for the quality can be analyzed and assessed effectively in terms of quality. Thus, the need for improved quality can be perceived and can be changed effectively (Salvendy, 2001). To measure the effectiveness of CQI and TQM can be the most significant aspect after the implementation of process. Company often employs future strategy to improve the implementation of the approach through scrutinizing the Quality Circle which allows the management to maintain the quality of the products and services offered by the organization. The advantage of employing the Quality Circle is that it analyzes the goals of the process and helps to understand the accomplishment of the goal by maintaining the specifications. If organizations aim is to produce an automatic shock absorber the measurement of the accomplished products can easily be made while manufacturing process are adjusted to maintain the specifications. Moreover, CQI and TQM is not just one time event its accreditation visit is periodic (Salvendy, 2001). The implementation of quality improvement and management is an ongoing process and it should remain so. The most importantly there should be measurement of accomplishment of mandate events and analysis to continue those mandates there should be positions meetings held by the management with employees and units of organization. This future strategy allows the organization to review mandate and integrate the strategic initiatives goals into single process. This single process conducted by the means of outlined process. The outcomes of the assessments of CQI and TQM are interrelated notions and products outcomes assessment constitutes the basis for CQI and TQM. As a result of the results of assessment organization keeps striving to continuously improve the quality of the outcomes to better serve the clientele (Stupak Leitner, 2001).

Negative Peer Pressure Essay -- Peer Pressure Speech

Go on." "Everybody's doing it." "It's only one drink." "You're such a loser." I didn't know what to do. All these voices were repeating themselves over and over in my head. I didn't want to give into them because I knew what I was doing was wrong. I didn't want everyone to think I was scared but what if my parents found out. Why was I here? Are these people really my friends if they are really doing this to me? These were the vital questions that I didn't know the answers to. I knew in my heart it was wrong but I gave in. This is usually the typical outcome of a scene like this. It is called peer pressure. It can be disguised in many different forms. In this essay I am going to look at different ways in which teenagers can be influenced by peer pressure. Many teenagers experiment with cigarettes, drugs or alcohol. It is likely that they take their first cigarette, drink or drug because of pressure from peers or friends. The influence of friends who smoke is the main reason teenagers start, although you are also more likely to start if your parents do. Cigarettes, like alcohol, are an acquired taste but over eight per cent of people who smoke in their teens become permanently hooked. Often adolescents drink to feel less uncomfortable and more relaxed with friends and peers and because they are encouraged to do so by other teenagers. Regular excessive drinking can lead to poor school work, social and emotional problems, the use of other drugs and sometimes even suicide, The main difference between alcohol or cigarettes and other drugs is that once you are over a certain age you can legally buy alcohol and cigarett... ...y develop other symptoms such as headaches or stomachaches. Some sufferers feel short of energy and want to sleep all the time; others will have difficulty in sleeping and become very tired. Tiredness, lack of interest and difficulty in concentrating can affect schoolwork. Depressed people often lose interest in hobbies and activities and feel cut off from the people around them. They feel worthless and believe they have no power to change the situation they are in. some young people turn to drug or alcohol abuse, sleeping around, crime, skipping school or running away from home. These can all be ways of distracting themselves from their feelings. Depression has to be taken seriously and sufferers need to seek immediate help. Counselling, psychotherapy or sometimes medication can make recovery quicker and easier.

James Poniewozik, “Reality TV at 10: How It’s Changed Television †and Us” Essay

Reality programs can be divided into two large categories: competitions (such as American Idol) and voyeuristic events (such as Real Housewives). The reality television phenomenon is part of a larger societal shift in terms of privacy and self-expression. For a select few, reality shows have given them significant real-life opportunities. Reality programs contain qualities that can be labeled American. The best and worst of reality television shows contain aspirational and democratic qualities. They give the common man a chance in the spot light. They can also revolve around issues, such as job satisfaction and security, which are of topical concern to many Americans. Part 2: The experience of watching the video of the Susan Boyle’s first appearance on Britain’s Got Talent illustrates very clearly one of Steven Johnson’s arguments in his article â€Å"Watching TV Makes You Smarter†: â€Å"When we watch these shows, the part of our brain that monitors the emotional lives of the people around us – the part that tracks subtle shifts in intonation and gesture and facial expression – scrutinizes the action on the screen looking for clues. † We see very clearly Simon Cowell’s eye-rolling at :30, in response to Boyle’s announcement that she is 47 years old. After Boyle announces that her dream is to be a professional singer, there is a cut to a young woman in the audience who smirks and rolls her eyes. When Boyle remarks that she wants to be as successful as Elaine Page, there is another cut to the audience to show their disbelief. All of this occurs before Boyle even begins to sing. The audience and the judges, through their facial expressions, have clearly indicated that they believe Boyle to be delusional. As soon as Boyle opens her mouth, cameras focus on the judges’ wide eyes and the microphones pick up the audiences’ wild cheers. The commentator echoes the audiences’ initial impressions: â€Å"you didn’t expect that did you. † This sentiment is directly addressed by the judges in their commentary: Boyle is referred to as the â€Å"biggest surprise† in the show’s history. Cowell’s comments are filled with irony: he says that he knew as soon as he saw Boyle that he was in for something â€Å"extraordinary. † Watching this video at a later date is instructive. Now, there are very few people who do not know of Susan Boyle and her story. However, in looking at this video from her first appearance on the show, we know that her voice is going to be amazing. With all of the benefits of hindsight, we can observe closely the audience’s and judges’ first reactions to this middle-aged woman in need of a makeover (by the standards of reality television). We can engage our cognitive processes, as Johnson argues, in order to analyze more closely how we can be deceived by our first impressions of reality show personalities.

Ectothermic Animals

Ectothermic Animals An ectothermic animal, also commonly known  as a cold-blooded animal, is one who cannot regulate its own body temperature, so its body temperature fluctuates according to its surroundings. The term ectotherm comes from the Greek  ektos, meaning outside, and thermos, which means heat.   While common colloquially, the term cold-blooded is misleading because ectotherms blood isnt actually cold. Rather, ectotherms  rely on external or outside sources to regulate their body heat.  Examples of ectotherms include  reptiles,  amphibians,  crabs, and fish. Ectothermic Heating and Cooling Many ectotherms live in environments where very little regulation is needed, like the ocean, because the ambient temperature tends to stay the same. When necessary, crabs and other ocean-dwelling ectotherms will migrate toward preferred temperatures. Ectotherms who live mainly on land will use basking in the sun or cooling off in the shade to regulate their temperature. Some insects use the vibration of the muscles that control their wings to warm themselves without actually flapping their wings.   Due to ectotherms dependence on environmental conditions, many are sluggish during the night and early in the morning. Many  ectotherms need to heat up before they can become active.   Ectotherms in the Winter During the winter months or when food is scarce, many ectotherms enter torpor, a state where  their metabolism slows or  stops. Torpor is basically a short-term hibernation, which might last from a few hours to overnight. The  metabolic rate for torpid  animals can decrease up to 95 percent of its resting rate.   Ectotherms can also hibernate, which can occur for a season and for some species like the burrowing frog, for years. The metabolic rate for hibernating ectotherms falls to between one and two percent of the animals resting rate. Tropical lizards have not adapted to cold weather so they do not hibernate.

The Lakota Wars

The Lakota Wars Free Online Research Papers Tensions were building and with expansion of Americans to the West, it only added to further the atomicity of the Indian towards the whites. What also added fuel to the fire were the corrupt agents that switched Indian traders with their own. After news of the Sand Creek Massacre reached the Sioux many warriors were calling for war against the Americans. So the Sioux allied with the Cheyenne to fight the Americans. The Lakota Sioux lived on parts of Montana, which was a piece of their original homeland. But with the discovery of gold in Montana and along the Bozeman trail in 1863, brought conflicts between the Lakota and whites over control of the area to the forefront. Conflicts occurred with miners passing on the Bozeman trail that happened to pass right through Teton Sioux territory. With increasing attacks on miners and travelers the army built three forts along the Bozeman trail. The three forts were Fort Reno which was located on the Powder River, Fort Kearney, and Fort Smith. The Forts were always in danger and were only maintained because they were heavily armed and defended. A veteran of the Civil War William J. Fetterman came to Fort Kearney to reinforce the troops. He was quoted as saying he â€Å"could ride, roughed, through the entire Sioux nation† with only 80 men. But he did not follow through with his promise on December 21, 1866. On that day a wagon left the fort to coll ect wood and while it was leaving it was attacked. Captain Fetterman with his 80 troops went to defend the wagon. The troops were ambushed by 1500 Indians that killed every soldier including the captain and mutilated their bodies. The government instead of fighting decided to set up a peace committee using a mixture of civilians and military officers. The Lakota’s were reluctant to sign the agreement. But spotted tail and some other chiefs went to fort Laramie to make peace. The committee was able to map out the Lakota’s homeland. The treaty gave all of South Dakota west of the Missouri River and some regions in southeastern Montana, eastern Wyoming, and northwestern Nebraska to the Lakota Sioux. They were also given all of the Black Hills. And the treaty promised that no whites shall pass through the lands. The army even went as far as abandoning the three forts Reno, Kearny, and Smith to get Red Cloud to sign the treaty on November 6 1868. It was a win/win situation because the Indians were able to keep their unseeded territory and expel the whites from it, and the government could coral the Lakota’s and keep a watchful eye on them and hopefully civilize them at the same time. But this w as not the case because conflicts began to happen after just a few weeks. Even though the Lakota were promised the Black Hills in the 1868 Fort Laramie treaty, the government decided that the Indians needed to move onto other reservations and those who did not would be seen as hostile. The government didn’t feel bad for going back on their word because they felt as though the Lakota with their raids, anti-railroad attitude, and conflicts with other tribes did not follow the treaty rules. And with the discovery of gold a few years earlier meant a gold rush towards the Black hills and inevitably tension came along with the miners. Even though technically the miners had no right to be in the Black Hills, they came onto and through Lakota territory. So in 1876 the army sent out three commanders George Crook, Alfred Terry, and John Gibbon. They were set out to horde the hostile Indians and hopefully move them back to their assigned homeland. The battle of Rosebud on June 17 1876 was between Crooks troops and Lakota’s and their allies. The battle f orced Crook to retreat, and left Terry and Gibbon’s forces by themselves. Custer who was determined to find the Indian village underestimated the size of it. He followed the Indian tracks until what he thought was a small village and ran right into the middle of 2000 Cheyenne, and Lakota warriors. Custer and his troops were quickly surrounded and as the battle is sometimes known Custer’s last stand, which is what he did. At the end of the Battle at the Bighorn lay 250 troops including Custer’s body. As a result in 1877 the Congress signs various laws to take land from the Sioux. In the end, the Sioux lose all there unseeded lands and forced to live on the western bank on the Missouri river. By the 1880’s the Sioux had lost almost all their land. And the different chiefs in the Sioux tribes were gradually losing their power over their tribes because of the government annuities. The govt. also made medicine man, sun dance, and Indian religions illegal. But a new religion was becoming popular around the 1880’s, the ghost dance which predicted that the whites would leave their lands and while performing it that they could not get hit by bullets. But this was not the case on December 29, 1890, when the U.S. 7th Calvary surrounded Big Foot’s encampment of Lakota. The soldiers ordered the Lakota to hand over any weapons. Some how a shot rang out and the medicine man started to perform the ghost dance but the soldiers saw it as a signal to attack and they started shooting into the camp. They had Hotchkiss guns that ripped into the warriors and innocent woman and children alike. In the aftermath, 153 Lakota lay dead and the Lakota managed to kill 25 soldiers . The battle at Wounded Knee is said to be the last battle in the Indian Wars. Research Papers on The Lakota WarsAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Where Wild and West Meet19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraQuebec and CanadaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaCapital PunishmentAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeTwilight of the UAWGenetic EngineeringComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Action plan for preparing organizations to deal with the challenges and opportunities presented by diversity

Action plan for preparing organizations to deal with the challenges and opportunities presented by diversity Managers encounter enormous challenges as they try to manage diversity within the organization. To start with, they are required to learn how to handle individual versus group fairness. This refers to the extent to which the management should attempt to embrace human resource programs for purposes of dealing with diverse employee groups (Robbins Judge, 2007). Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Action plan for preparing organizations to deal with the challenges and opportunities presented by diversity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another challenge that the management has to encounter is resistance to change. Once an organization has embraced and adopted a working culture, it becomes very hard to try and change it later on. For example, resistance to diversity has made it hard for minorities and women to prosper and survive in the corporate sector. Resentment is also another issue that the management has to deal w ith. For instance, because the government imposed the Equal Employment Opportunities on organizations, many companies responded to the change in question by grudgingly complying with the government’s directive (Harvey Allard, 2009). Although employee diversity may result in better problem solving and improved creativity, it could also lead to chaos and open conflict in the event that the organization is faced with a lack of respect and mistrust amongst its workforce. As such, organizations need to embrace diversity because it would enable them to undertake their duties effectively. On the other hand, diversity at the workplace is reported to result in enhanced organization effectiveness. Diversity brings about novel ideas by fuelling innovation and creativity. This leads to the emergence of novel products and services that fulfills the needs and expectations of the customers. Diversity also results in better teamwork. This is because interaction within a diverse workforce r esults in enhanced motivation and morale, as well as better ideas in the organization (Harvey Allard, 2009). In addition, a diverse workforce gives companies a better image, patronage and reputation, in comparison with other companies that have not embraced diversity. Organizations that have embraced diversity are also likely to expand the most because of the reduced target crunch. Managers who are able to handle diversity properly help the firm to not only improve employee productivity, but also increase their motivation as well. Thus, employees feel valued, and that the firm has accorded them the dignity that they deserve. Diversity also lowers attrition and reduces absenteeism. Population growth is projected to increase further in the coming years and this will mean that organizations will be faced by more challenges and opportunities in as far as the issue of workplace diversity is concerned. Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can he lp you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is the need therefore for the organization to prepare for the aforementioned challenges and opportunities associated with diversity. To do so, organization must first embrace diversity. Accepting multiculturalism is the first step towards embracing diversity (Robbins Judge, 2007). As such, the management should try to accept diversity both in words and deeds. The second step is to ensure that you recruit broadly. In case there is a job opening at your firm, ensure that you have in place a diverse applicant tool. Management should work hard to ensure that it does not rely on the existing workforce as a source of referral for future employees. This is because existing employees are likely to recommend candidates with similar traits. Moreover, the management needs to ensure that the selection process remains free and fair, and that it does not allow for discrimination. More importantly, the management should ensure that the selection tests are related to the job at hand. Furthermore, it is important to ensure that all the other employees are taught on the need to embrace diversity (Robbins Judge, 2007). They should be exposed to diversity training so that they can realize the value attached to it. Recognize that various groups have varying values and needs because this is also part of valuing diversity. The management should also work hard to ensure that employees’ differences are reinforced (Schaefer, 2011). Employees should also be encouraged to value and embrace diverse views. Accentuate the positive elements of diversity as a way of celebrating this concept. At the same time, management should also be ready to deal with the various challenges associated with diversity. They include miscommunication, mistrust, attitudinal differences, lack of cohesiveness, and stress. The management should also try to avoid stereotypes. These are the preconceived ideas held by an individual regarding an individual. For example, there are beliefs that some specific traits or behavior are shared by members of a given race. Thus, stereotypes establish classes and try to fit people into them. It is therefore a hindrance to diversity at the workplace. If we allow stereotypes to go on in the organization, this is bound to bring about natural divisions (Robbins Judge, 2007). To combat this, managers should try and mix the existing teams. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Action plan for preparing organizations to deal with the challenges and opportunities presented by diversity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is also the need for organizations to implement a diversity policy. The lack of a proper diversity policy has been linked to the high rates of attribution experienced by organizations today. Even before trying to hire diverse candidates, it is important first to ensure that the organizational e nvironment and culture support diversity. Failure to do so, we shall be faced with the challenge of retaining employees. Reference List Harvey, C. P., Allard, M. J. (2009). Understanding and managing diversity (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. A. (2007). Organizational Behaviors (12th Edition). New York: Prentice Hall. Schaefer, R. T. (2011). Racial and ethnic groups (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Supply Chain Management in Saudia Airlines Research Paper

Supply Chain Management in Saudia Airlines - Research Paper Example The low cost airlines have impacted the local sales of the leading airlines by a large margin. This is so because customers while traveling locally may prefer a low cost airline as the distance is less and they may not require any extra facilities or entertainment. However, these new entrants still lag behind in the development of an effective Supply Chain Management (SCM) system which is the source of competitive edge for the leading players of the industry. In the last few years, the organization structures of many airline companies have undergone drastic transformations to incorporate the challenges encountered during the tough economic times that have been prevailing since 2008. Since the aviation industry has become dynamic and competitive, every player in the market has to ensure that it meets the demands of its target market effectively (Bolstorff and Robert, 40). Innovation, design, quality of products and services are important areas of consideration for all organizations. In the airline industry, only those companies can survive that have a competitive edge in their SCM process and those which will ensure that they are providing premium quality services at competitive rates to their customers. Supply chain management strategies need to be effective and timely as any delays at any point of the supply chain would affect the performance and the quality level of the airlines to a large extent. Emirates Airline is among those companies that entered the market with the aim of becoming the leader in the aviation industry worldwide. It is among the top-ranked airlines available in the market which has been providing an excellent range of services to its customers ranging from leisure to business traveling packages. Emirates airlines are considered as one of the best airlines of the world and the entire management strives towards maintaining this image. Emirates Airline was the pioneer in introducing the

Gnostic Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Ethics Assignment

Gnostic Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Ethics - Assignment Example For the Gnostics, therefore, the first cause of reality is a transcendental pure spirit that is nothing like what we know, it is a transcendental pure spirit that we can’t conceive with our senses. However, for the Gnostics, unlike many monotheistic religions like Christianity, the first cause of reality, the unknown God, is not a personal being; the first cause is an impersonal pure spirit. To account for the multiplicity of reality, especially the material reality, the Gnostics held that God did not create or fashion reality, the way Christianity teaches, but that the cosmos as we know it emanated from the undefined infinite. The Gnostics, therefore, are in some sense pantheistic, for they hold that everything emanated from the unknown God, and therefore everything has a spark of the pure spirit, unknown God. The Gnostics hold that Aeons, which are deific beings who exist between the pure spirit and human beings, are spiritual realities, and not material. One of the Aeons is the Demiurge, and according to the Gnostics, the material reality was created by the Demiurge and not by the undefined pure spirit directly. To account for how the spiritual Demiurge created the material reality, the Gnostics claimed that, the creation of the material world resulted from a flaw or a sin on the Aeon Demiurge. For the Gnostics, therefore, the material reality is flawed because it res ulted from the flaw or sin on the Demiurge (The Gnostic Worldview, web). For this reason, therefore, Gnostic held that nature is dualistic: the spiritual reality and physical reality. A critical look at the Gnostic Metaphysics shows that the main merit in the Gnostic view of reality lies in the Gnostic scholars attempt to account for the material world. The Gnostics, however, did not give a convincing account of the origin of material reality.  

Is there too much localism or not enough in our metropolitan areas Essay

Is there too much localism or not enough in our metropolitan areas today - Essay Example Particularly, the government as representative of the people ought to offer solutions to the problems that are facing its people. As such, the question as to the necessary policy concerning localism and implementation of the same will be featured in this paper. It is hard for some people to make out the difference between Localism and which concepts are involved in the metropolitan area governance. Localism is the belief on the existing system of a greater number of fairly small governments, wielding authority over such serious issues as land use guideline, local levying, and the financial support of the municipal services that ought to be preserved. Regionalism, on the other hand, seems to connote centralization and against the decentralization represented by the localism. America is dominated by metropolitan areas. Regionalism does not only oppose regionalism, but it is localism regional extension. Localism may also be based on the set of row as to the function of the local governments in endorsing the governmental efficiency, democracy and the public (Tam et al., 2002). In the modern metropolitan areas, economic, social and ecological local areas are regularly prevalent. The concerns on the efficiency, democracy and the community should lead to a shift in power from the existing localities and delegate it to the new processes, structures or organization that can support the decision making on behalf of the area. It can, therefore, be concluded that regionalism is the localism of the metropolitan regions. A localism is also a means of protecting the interests of the people who get benefits from the existing government structures (Gregg, 2003). Localism involves the shift of the power from the government to the local governments. The transformation is not only economic, but also social in nature. Localism makes people appreciate and identify with their new neighborhood and their

How Do Groups React to Unexpected Threats Crisis Management in Research Paper

How Do Groups React to Unexpected Threats Crisis Management in Organizational Teams - Research Paper Example Contextually, when assessing the current scenario of the global business world, particularly due to the continuous globalization effects and the consequent alterations taking place in the socio-economic conditions, managing such obstacle have emerged as one of the most significant concerns of contemporary business organizations. A crisis management is thus essentially required to be devised with the intention of minimizing the impacts of unpredictable occurrences which may seriously hamper the performances of an organization either in its short-run or in its long-run performances2. In this regard, various literature studies have been conducted which emphasized on addressing the various dimensions of crisis management. However, in the article titled as ‘How do Groups React to Unexpected Threats? Crisis Management in Organizational Teams’, the authors Jin Nam Choi, Sun Young Sung, and Myung Un Kim proclaimed that comprehensive researches are available in limited numbers wh ich were focused on learning the behavior of organizational teams when responding to crisis situations and crisis management strategies. Correspondingly, in this article, qualitative as well as quantitative methods have been used with the intention to satisfy the literature gap existing in relation to the study of organizational team responses to crisis management3. The paper will intend to discuss the concepts which can be acquired from the article further describing the applicability of such findings in the organizational level crisis management practices. Moreover, references will also be considered from the book named ‘Organization Theory & Design’ written by Richard L. Daft when assessing the article. The Concepts Acquired from the Article The article depicts that organizational teams are commonly observed to behave as dependent on the persisting ‘interdependent relationships’ within the work culture being subjected to their external activities when im plementing crisis management strategies. The findings of this article also reveal that environment of an organization is complex as well as uncertain which results in many crises situations. It has been fundamentally due to these reasons that crises within organizational teams are observed to be rising immensely since the past few years. In this regard, management of an organization is required to effectively forecast the time as well as the procedure through which the crisis event is most likely to occur. In most instances, organizational teams focus on determining the reasons and likewise sort out the type of crises being witnessed or probable to be witnessed in order to initiate better effective crisis management strategies. The article also stated that irrespective of such practices apparent in the organizational teams of the corporate sector, only insignificant number of studies were conducted in order to sort the various types of crises witnessed by contemporary businesses and the strategies which are devised as well as implemented accordingly3. Furthermore, the article also aims at demonstrating the importance of organizational teams’ performances at times of uncertain situations. In this respect, organizational teams performing in groups are observed to

Ethics Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethics Case Study - Essay Example Jerry’s training within the medical field surrounds him to not be in a position from where he can prescribe anyone a medicine. This makes him disqualified to resolve an issue at hand, which in this case has happened when Dr. Williams was not present on his seat. There is a possibility that Dr. Williams has essentially forbidden dosage of Valium to a certain patient, and in this case if Jerry McCall prescribes usage of Valium just on the basis of being Dr. Williams’ friend, then this shall become an ethical issue all the same. Hence it would be fitting enough for Jerry McCall to keep himself at a distance from making that unethical move by prescribing medicine to this patient which basically transgresses his authority by quite a fair proportion. 2 Would it make a difference if the medication requested were for control of high blood pressure that the patient critically needs on a daily basis? Why or why not? One should believe that it would not be any different if the req uested medication controls high blood pressure. There would be no difference if the discussion centered on lowering it all the same. The reason for this is that the kind of medication required to be given by Jerry McCall or any other person in charge is uncalled for. He should seek the advice of Dr. Williams and since he is not present on his seat, it would be a wise decision to stay put and ask Dr. Williams’ friend to wait for a certain while. Dr. Williams alone would be the best person to suggest which medicine and how much dosage would be deemed as a fitting one for his friend under such a circumstance. The patient must know that Dr. Williams only can help him and no one else from his staff has the right or the authority to issue a refill order. 3 If Jerry calls in the refill and the patient has an adverse reaction while flying, is Jerry protected from a lawsuit under the doctrine of respondent superior? It is safe to suggest that Jerry McCall would not gain any protection from a lawsuit. This is because under the basis of the doctrine of respondent superior, if the patient feels that he has had an adverse reaction even though he is flying; there are serious legal issues which will come to the fore. There would be serious charges for Jerry McCall as he will be the one who brought about the medication realms towards the patient. Essentially speaking, it will also make Dr. Williams duty bound and thus he would also have to undergo the lawsuit as Jerry is his employee. Since the medication was never appreciated in the first place and was totally uncalled for, the role that Jerry plays under such a situation becomes even more significant. The reason for this is that he was never given the permission to provide for medication to patients as he does not qualify for any post within Dr. Williams’ office. One must not forget that he is an office assistant, and thus his job domains do not allow him to administer issuing a refill order for patients as an d when required by the patients. Hence, the lawsuit would come about on Jerry McCall as well as Dr. Williams for being negligent towards their duties and for being unethical within their working basis (Weber, 2000). 4 What is your advice to Jerry? If someone could give an advice to Jerry, it would be that he should perform his job alone and not think about doing something which can be regarded as an immoral act. He must not interfere within the working basis of his employer – Dr. Williams. If he does so, he will be able to maintain

Scaffolding Language Learning in an Academic ESL Classroom Assignment

Scaffolding Language Learning in an Academic ESL Classroom - Assignment Example This is in relation to the socialization processes. The poorly socialized individuals and students tend to lack a well-developed argumentative skill, which is the basis of interactions while discussing academic issues (Lantolf, 2000 p34). On the kindergartens, the English language learners should be taught by reciting various words they learn in class. This will allow the expansion of their brains as recited words always stick, in the memory, for a long time (Lantolf, 2000 p41). This will as well accompany communicative activities such as salutations the kindergarten language learners always take part in on a daily basis starting from their teachers to their fellow colleagues whenever they interact. In the studies of the ESL, the students especially in an academic oral class should aptly embrace the interaction between the students and teacher for steady uprise in the oral and language skills (Kayi-Aydar, 2012 p26). The power relations as a result of interaction are one of the key as pects towards healthier scaffolding. The power relations enhance effective participation of the ESL learners in an academic oral skills class. The scaffolding should, therefore, involve description of various learning activities and putting them into practice through the group discussions and debates. This will not only set strong academic oral skills, but also enhance a proper language and presentation skills development. This system of the academic oral skills is a socially arbitrated process thus involves much of communicative activities thus relates to the socio-cultural linguistic (McNeil, 2012 p402). The provision of the scaffolding information by the tutors should be well adopted to enhance there is a relationship... This essay approves that for any language to be effective, it should be critically analyzed by the learners and the learners should as well take part in the day-to-day searching of new vocabularies in the intended language structure. The ESL learners, to acquire one of the best language development and language skills, should indulge in the critical evaluation of the language and the new words learnt during class interactions amongst themselves. The classroom tasks should as well be distributed for an improved learning of the oral skills. The classwork should entail a small group work, the formal lectures as well as a student led session discussions. All of these aspects will bring various students together and interact in various ways, which may include through the ideological differences in explaining subjects, through dialogues and in their cognitive performances. This aspect of various interactions will pave the way for an improvement in the learner’s academic oral skills. This report makes a conclusion that learners should be highly appreciated whenever they make mistakes and encouraged to control their frustrations whenever they face difficulty in the use of vocabularies and punctuations. This will enhance a perfect and conducive classroom environment for the correction of various oral skills mistakes by the students hence giving room for the development of an appropriate academic oral skill in the students. This will also encourage the participation levels of the students towards every learning activity involving interactions thus nurturing their already existing socialised oral skills.

5A Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

5A - Essay Example Yippy the puppy was supposed to grow up to be a great guard dog like his father, Growl, but there were two main problems with that. One, he was too noisy with his sharp little puppy ‘yip’ and two, he was way too small. Besides, he was too busy getting acquainted with all the other interesting creatures that lived around the dock warehouse where his family worked. This opening immediately establishes our main character as a friendly young male dog with a high-pitched bark that he uses often to help express his thoughts. This is such an important character trait that he is even named after it, establishing it as the most important element of his character to the outcome of the story. The listener is given the impression that this character is impetuous, friendly, vocal and relatively carefree in his personality while they receive a visual impression of a small body, possibly dark colored as most guard dogs seem to be. It also immediately establishes conflict and struggle. The puppy is a friendly creature, wishing to get to know everyone around him, while his father is a ferocious guard dog named Growl, immediately giving an impression of menace and hostility. This is what the puppy is expected to grow into. From these very early opening lines, the audience is wondering how this gregarious little puppy is supposed to grow up into the threatenin gly quiet and reserved guard dog his family expects him to be and how he will resolve these contradictions for a happy ending. While there may be other events that happen to this puppy as a result of his relentless curiosity and exuberance, these character elements will remain important in the telling of his story as they will inform his in his reactions. Old Larry crept slowly and carefully onto the largest lilypad of the pond, assuming the head bullfrog’s duty of leading the night-time chorus. He might be old,

Scaffolding Language Learning in an Academic ESL Classroom Assignment

Scaffolding Language Learning in an Academic ESL Classroom - Assignment Example This is in relation to the socialization processes. The poorly socialized individuals and students tend to lack a well-developed argumentative skill, which is the basis of interactions while discussing academic issues (Lantolf, 2000 p34). On the kindergartens, the English language learners should be taught by reciting various words they learn in class. This will allow the expansion of their brains as recited words always stick, in the memory, for a long time (Lantolf, 2000 p41). This will as well accompany communicative activities such as salutations the kindergarten language learners always take part in on a daily basis starting from their teachers to their fellow colleagues whenever they interact. In the studies of the ESL, the students especially in an academic oral class should aptly embrace the interaction between the students and teacher for steady uprise in the oral and language skills (Kayi-Aydar, 2012 p26). The power relations as a result of interaction are one of the key as pects towards healthier scaffolding. The power relations enhance effective participation of the ESL learners in an academic oral skills class. The scaffolding should, therefore, involve description of various learning activities and putting them into practice through the group discussions and debates. This will not only set strong academic oral skills, but also enhance a proper language and presentation skills development. This system of the academic oral skills is a socially arbitrated process thus involves much of communicative activities thus relates to the socio-cultural linguistic (McNeil, 2012 p402). The provision of the scaffolding information by the tutors should be well adopted to enhance there is a relationship... This essay approves that for any language to be effective, it should be critically analyzed by the learners and the learners should as well take part in the day-to-day searching of new vocabularies in the intended language structure. The ESL learners, to acquire one of the best language development and language skills, should indulge in the critical evaluation of the language and the new words learnt during class interactions amongst themselves. The classroom tasks should as well be distributed for an improved learning of the oral skills. The classwork should entail a small group work, the formal lectures as well as a student led session discussions. All of these aspects will bring various students together and interact in various ways, which may include through the ideological differences in explaining subjects, through dialogues and in their cognitive performances. This aspect of various interactions will pave the way for an improvement in the learner’s academic oral skills. This report makes a conclusion that learners should be highly appreciated whenever they make mistakes and encouraged to control their frustrations whenever they face difficulty in the use of vocabularies and punctuations. This will enhance a perfect and conducive classroom environment for the correction of various oral skills mistakes by the students hence giving room for the development of an appropriate academic oral skill in the students. This will also encourage the participation levels of the students towards every learning activity involving interactions thus nurturing their already existing socialised oral skills.

Innocence in Catcher in the Rye Essay Example for Free

Innocence in Catcher in the Rye Essay In JD Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield is a boy aimlessly traveling New York City after being expelled from a classy boarding school. Holden poses a great deal of trepidation when it comes to sexual relationships, especially those of Jane and Sunny. Furthermore, Holden tends to misjudge the maturity of his fellow characters. The combination of this misconception, the tension between sexual trepidation, and an adult life with adult relationships, results in confusion for him. In Holden’s life, there have only been a few people he’s cherished more than his childhood neighbor, Jane Gallagher. They were close childhood friends, and when his roommate Stradlater brings her up years later in high school, all he can talk about is the innocent fun they used to have: playing checkers, watching her dance ballet in the summer heat, and how her Doberman always came into his yard. However, he also reminisces on how her â€Å"boozehound† stepfather would always â€Å"run around the goddam house naked† (42). He suspects that her stepfather had harassed Jane, who â€Å"had [a] terrific figure, and [he] wouldn’t’ve put it past that bastard† (103). This really bothers Holden, as does when Stradlater insinuates that he made sexual advances onto Jane on their date. To Holden, sexual encounters mean an adulteration of innocence, and he hates that Stradlater or Jane’s stepfather may have corrupted Jane. Many times, Holden promises himself that he â€Å"outa go down and say hello to her† (40), or that he should â€Å"give old Jane a buzz† (195), but he never does. Subconsciously, he fears that Jane will have grown up, and calling her or seeing her will surely alter the young, innocent, checkers-playing version of Jane that he has in his mind. This is confusing for Holden because Jane has grown up, yet he still thinks of her as a little girl, not the grown woman that she is. Holden â€Å"knew that she wouldn’t let [Stradlater] get to first base with her, but it drove [him] crazy anyway† (104). This shows Holden’s potential misconception of Jane’s innocence. It is unlikely for a post-teenage young woman to be as sheltered and have as much innocence as she did when she was a little girl. However, this is something Holden cannot grasp. This dilemma is a direct result of Holden’s irrational respect for innocence, influenced by sexual confrontations in Holden’s past. When Holden agrees to have a prostitute come to his room in the hotel, he is soon greeted by Sunny at his door. Holden is immediately unimpressed with Sunny’s maturity; how she was â€Å"jiggling this one foot up and down†, she â€Å"never said thank you†, and she â€Å"had this tiny little wheeny-whiny voice† (123). He also notices that she appears very young, and said things that were really childish. This ends up making him feel â€Å"more depressed than sexy† (123), and he decides not to have sex with her after all. The depiction of this young girl making money as a prostitute seems to upset Holden, and he ultimately concludes that having sex with her would spoil her innocence. This is where Holden is again misguided. Just as it is unlikely for Jane to retain the same degree of innocence through the years, it is improbable that Sunny, being a prostitute, will have not had sex with many people in the past, therefore preserving her innocence. But all Holden can see in Sunny is the childish and immature, which results in a conflicted view of the world. The importance of innocence to Holden is something that results in nervousness towards others’ sexual identity and activity. His perspective of Jane and Sunny’s innocence is also misguided to the point where he sees innocence in them when there is none. Overall, the importance of innocence to Holden results in contention that is less than innocent.

The benefits of dark chocolate

The benefits of dark chocolate DARK CHOCOLATE IS IT BEEFICIAL TO ONES MIND AND BODY OR NOT? The early 15th century saw the creation of something divine, something heavenly and something delicious; Chocolate. Though the cocoa beans from which chocolate is prepared were discovered around 2000 years ago, the manufacturing of dark chocolate began in the 15th century by the Mayan tribes. According to the article, â€Å"Chocolate-a health food?†(2008) there was a popular belief among these tribes that â€Å"there was a God simply because there was chocolate† (n.a, 2008). The tree that yields the cocoa bean, an important ingredient in the manufacturing of dark chocolate was called â€Å"Theobroma† (n.a, 2008) which means ‘Food for Gods. Fielmuseum.org (2007) says that chocolate was more than just delicious food to the Mayan tribes; it was a devout and societal way of life. Nowadays many people associate dark chocolate with having adverse affects on one. However, contrary to popular belief, intake of dark chocolate (at least 65 percent cocoa) may actually have some benefits to ones mind and body. Chocolate, especially dark chocolate has been found to help reduce risk of heart diseases. The article â€Å"Chocolate-a health food† (2008) published in â€Å"Optimum Wellness†, a journal states the results of a study that was published in the 2005 issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. The study concluded that dark chocolate does indeed decrease blood pressure (n.a, 2008, p.32). On chocolate-for-health.com, Dean Ornish, who is the founder and president of the non-profit Preventive Medicine Research Institute in Sausalito, California states a study that was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2003. He says that Researchers at the University of Cologne studied the effects of dark chocolate on men and women recently diagnosed with mild high blood pressure. Half of the patients were given 100 grams each of dark chocolate and the other half were given 100 grams of white chocolate. At the end of the experiment, those who consumed d ark chocolate saw an average of five point decrease in their systolic and a two point decrease in their diastolic blood pressure. The decrease in blood pressure was explained to be due to the increase in the production of nitric oxide by intake of dark chocolate. Due to the nitric dioxide produced, the blood vessels dilated and increased blood flow thus causing a decrease in blood pressure (Ornish, n.d.). Another article, â€Å"Chocolates Health Benefits-Trick or Treat?† (2007) published in the â€Å"Tufts University Health and Nutrition Letter† quotes another study published in the 2007 issue of Journal of the American Medical Association. The lead author of this study, Dr. Dirk Taubert says that they conducted research at the University Hospital of Cologne in Germany on 24 hypertensive women and 20 hypertensive men, their age ranging from 56 to 73. They were each given 30 calories of dark or white chocolate for eighteen weeks and at the end they concluded that the on es who consumed dark chocolate had at least a two to three point decrease in their blood pressures. Taubert and his colleagues concluded that â€Å" on a population basis, it has been estimated that a 3-mm HG reduction in systolic BP would reduce the relative risk of stroke mortality by 8%, of coronary artery disease mortality by 5%, and of all-cause mortality by 4%† (n.a., 2007, p.5). Dr. Taubert also states that the most fascinating discovery was that â€Å"simple commercial dark chocolate was as effective at lowering blood pressure as much more comprehensive dietary modifications†(n.a.,2007.p.5). The article states that the results from this study were the same as those from the â€Å"Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet plan† (n.a, 2007, p.5). Moreover, the article â€Å"Chocolate as Medicine?†(Dermody, 2008, p.65) that appeared in The Readers Digest stated a similar study conducted also at the University of Hospital, Cologne, Germany, 44 peop le with borderline or mild hypertension were given 30 calories a day of dark or white chocolate. After their regular health checkups and four months of consuming dark or white chocolate every day, the patients who consumed dark chocolate had their hypertension levels reduced from eighty six percent to sixty eight percent. It is common knowledge that hypertension causes an increase in blood pressure hence increasing the risk of heart diseases. Therefore it can be concluded that a little indulgence for pleasure may not harm one but actually benefit ones body. Dark chocolate is also known to benefit the body by increasing glucose tolerance level. This means that consuming dark chocolate will increase insulin sensitivity and thus reduce risk of diabetes. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 being the one where the body is unable to make insulin and type 2 being the bodys incapability to deal with sugar. Though hard to believe, as chocolate is mixed with sugar and therefore is a sweet food, it is in fact true that dark chocolate can help you reduce the risk of diabetes, especially if it is hereditary. The article â€Å"Nutrition and Disease: Blood Pressure Is Reduced and Insulin Sensitivity Increased in Glucose-Intolerant, Hypertensive Subjects after 15 Days of Consuming High-Polyphenol Dark Chocolate† (2008) was published in the Journal of Nutrition. The authors of this article, Davide Grassi, Giovambattista Desideri, Stefano Necozione, Cristina Lippi, Raffaele Casale, Giuliana Properzi, Jeffrey B. Blumberg and Claudio Ferri are a ll researchers at theDepartment of Internal Medicine and Public Health, University of LAquila, Italy except Jeffrey B. Blumberg who is a researcher at the Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. The main idea for their research was to see how flavanol rich dark chocolate (FRDC) affected insulin sensitivity. Flavanol is considered to be an antioxidant and have anti-inflammatory properties (Lotito, 2002). The researchers conducted a study on 19 hypertensive patients, 11 males and 8 females. They gave 100 grams of flavanol free white chocolate at first to these 19 patients and then switched them to the other treatment, that is flavanol rich dark chocolate. The blood pressure and glucose tolerance level was checked at various times, before and after the intake of either type of chocolate. At the end of this test they concluded that â€Å"FRDC ameliorated insulin sensitivity† (Grassi et al., 2008). This study proves that dark chocolate does indeed have a positive effect on ones body. Furthermore a study from the 2005 issue of Journal of Medical Association states in the article â€Å"Chocolate-A Health Food?† (2008) that researchers studied the effects of chocolate in healthy people and concluded that Dark†¦chocolate helps decrease blood pressure and improve insulin sensitivity in healthy persons†(n.a. 2008, p.32). According to the studies above, dark chocolate, especially flavanol rich dark chocolate does increase glucose tolerance levels which help reduce the risk of diabetes. Another point why chocolate is beneficial to one is that it has a very high number of antioxidant properties than many other food substances. Anti oxidants protect ones body from oxidative stress i.e. slows down the oxidation process which is harmful to ones body as it reacts with cholesterol causing health related problems (Gorman, 2006). According to allchocolate.com, a serving of dark chocolate contains more antioxidants than a serving of blueberries or cranberries (n.a, n.d). Jeffrey B. Blumberg is the director of the Antioxidants Research Laboratory at the Tufts Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging and according to the article â€Å"Chocolates health benefits-trick or treat† (2007) Blumbergs main area of research concerning chocolate is antioxidants. Blumberg suggests that â€Å"dark chocolate is rich in pro-antho cyanides, that are potent anti-oxidants† (2007, p.4). In addition to pro-antho cyanides, chocolate has many more chemicals that act a s antioxidants. Flavonoids, for instance are natural anti-oxidants and cocoa beans and dark chocolate are rich in flavonoid (Raloff, 2000, p.188).   Chris Zdeb, writing in the National Post, says in his article â€Å"Chocoholics, Rejoice!† (2007), that there have been many studies that have found that chocolates contain a very high amount of flavanol. These are compounds that â€Å"reduce the stickiness of the platelets, cells that play an important role in blood clotting† (Zdeb, 2007). Zdeb also states that chocolate contains Polyphenol, another type of antioxidants. These antioxidants are much similar to those found in fruits such as blueberries, vegetables such as spinach and other food substances such as green tea etc. but chocolate has a much higher amount of these antioxidants in it. Zdeb suggests that Polyphenol help eliminate the free radicals in the body that cause cardiovascular diseases, cancer and â€Å"premature aging† (Zdeb, 2007). Moreover, Blum berg states that â€Å"in one Italian study†¦ [they] saw a significant decline in (‘bad) cholesterol†(as cited in â€Å"Chocolates health benefits-trick or treat† , 2007, p.4) after intake of dark chocolate. This shows that dark chocolate does indeed help the body by its high antioxidant properties.   In another Spanish study, Blumberg observed that cocoa, the main ingredient for the production of chocolate was found to increase antioxidant levels in ones body (n.a, 2007, p.4). All in all, dark chocolates antioxidant properties are very beneficial to ones body and chocolate is abundant in them. It has also been found that dark chocolate helps ease pain and relive stress. David Derbyshire writes in his article â€Å"How a Chunk of Chocolate Can Melt Away Your Pain† (2009) that studies have shown that chocolate acts as a natural painkiller, as according to researchers, anything done or eaten for pleasure acts as a natural painkiller. Derbyshire states a study done on rats by Dr Peggy Mason, of Chicago University. She found that the experimental rats were not that bothered by pain when eating a chocolate chip. She says that â€Å"Its a strong, strong effect, but its not about hunger or appetite† (as cited in Derbyshire, 2009). She explained that when you have food in front of you, you will never stop eating and according to past studies conducted, eating eases pain. In the experiment, the rats were given chocolate, sugar water, or plain water and a light bulb was placed beneath their cages. The rats way of reacting to the heat was lifting their paw of the floor. The researchers saw that the rats eating chocolate or drinking plain water were much slower in lifting their paws. This shows that when eating or drinking, people are more relaxed and sugar has nothing to do with it. The rats were then given a bitter drink, â€Å"quinine† that is quite distasteful. The result was that the rats â€Å"reacted to the heat as quickly as when they are not eating† (Derbyshire, 2009). This concludes that only while you are eating or drinking something you find pleasurable will it act as a natural painkiller and there is nothing more pleasurable than chocolate, or so many people think.   Though the experiment was done on animal, the researchers believe the effect is the same in humans.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, Derbyshire provides another study that explains how chocolate helps relieve stress. Scientists at the University of Cincinnati in USA conducted an experiment in 2005. They found that sugary foods â€Å"cut the level of the potentially harmful hormone glucocorticoid† (Derbyshire, 2009). This is a hormone that is produced by the brain when under pressure. Their research on rats showed that when they had sugary food, their brains produced lower levels of glucocorticoid when they were put under stressful situations. This is a perfect example of how chocolate can help relieve stress. People will only feel stress free when relaxed and chocolate gives one that effect. This is quite true as there are several bioactive compounds in chocolate that increase vigilance, a sense of well being and make one less sensitive to pain.   For example chocolate is rich in carbohydrates which increases the rate at which Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, enters the brain. Tryptophan lessens anxiety by producing the neurotransmitter serotonin (Carter, 2008). This brings us to the conclusion that dark chocolate indeed has the properties to ease physical as well as emotional pain. Another reason why chocolate is so good for one is that it not only relaxes people, it also helps elevates their mood and also acts as an anti-depressant. Dana Small is a cognitive neuroscientist. In the article â€Å"No more†¦please! Popular Science† (2002) Gunja Sinha gives the details of a small experiment Small carried out on nine chocolate lovers. She connected these volunteers to MRI machines and gave them chocolate while she measured their blood flow to the brain. She saw that the area of the â€Å"brain associated with mood was active† (Sinha, 2009, p42) while they ate and enjoyed their chocolates. This increase in blood flow to a certain region related to mood shows how chocolate can affect ones mood. Chris Zdeb states in his article â€Å"Chocoholics, Rejoice!† (2007) that chocolate does indeed have chemicals that elevate ones mood. The chemicals â€Å"phenethylamine and anandamide [found in chocolate]†¦ activate receptors in the brain that cause feelings of excitement and well-being† (Zdeb, 2007). Dark chocolate is the best way to lift ones spirits and mood.   It is also much more delicious than any anti-depressant pills. â€Å"Chocolate a personality thing† (Morton, 2008) reports the findings from â€Å"Black Dog institute†. One of the institutes Professors, Professor Gordon Parker suggests that†Chocolate may settle emotional dysregulation in those who are personality prone to†¦depressive reactions†. (as cited in Morton, 2008). He also proposes that chocolate appears to have a calming effect on emotional reactions. Fifteen percent of the population had emotional problems and â€Å"chocolate appeared to have a calming effect† (Morton, 2008) on them, says Professor Parker. This proves that dark chocolate not only acts as an antidepressant, it also enhances our psychological well being. On the other hand there are a lot of common misconceptions associated with chocolate. One being that one of the main reasons for acne is chocolate. However, that is not true as acne is not caused by chocolate or any other food substance for that matter. Acne is the result of the buildup of dead skin cells within the pore according to the Acne Resource center online (n.d.). Our skins produce a type of oil called sebum and it is this oil that together with the bacteria cause acne. The resource center states that none of these factors are triggered by anything we eat. Chocolate is wrongly blamed. Another common belief among the world is that chocolate causes tooth decay. Parents tend to keep their children away from chocolate solely for this reason without realizing what they are depriving their children of. Lack of proper care of ones teeth is what causes tooth decay. Even if one eats vegetables and dont take care of his/her teeth, it will cause cavities. In fact chocolate is much better for teeth than fluoride, the chemical commonly found in toothpastes. Chocolate contains a chemical called Tannins. These are a type of flavanol and according to Chris Zdebs article â€Å"Chocoholics, Rejoice!† (2007) these chemicals help prevent cavities. The article â€Å"Chocolates Health Benefits-Trick or Treat?† (2007) provides information about a study done by Dr. Arman Sadeghpour who is a researcher at the Tulane University. He did the study with researchers from the University of New Orleans and Louisiana Universitys School of Dentistry. They compared the cocoa extract f rom chocolate to fluoride and concluded that dark chocolate is much better for the teeth as it contains a chemical theobromine. It is â€Å"water-soluble, crystalline bitter powder†¦ [and] an alkaloid of the cacao plant†(n.a, 2007, p.4). This team of researchers found that this chemical is much effective in hardening the tooth enamel than fluoride. At the end of this research Dr. Sadeghpour concluded that any food substance containing theobromine is good for dental health. One might think that dark chocolate contains sugar, which outweighs the beneficial properties of chocolate by far. However, by dark chocolate it is meant that it contains at least sixty five percent of cocoa which has most of the properties that help prevent cavities. Sixty five percent outweighs the sugar amount by a lot and if proper care is taken of ones teeth, one does not have anything to worry about. Dark chocolate might not be the cause of cavities or tooth decay but in fact might be much benefi cial to ones teeth.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dark chocolate, as all other food substances does have some flaws but the positive effects outweigh them by far. Dark chocolate can help one reduce and prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes and can also protect ones body from oxidative stress and even relieve one from mental stress. It uplifts ones spirits and also eases physical pain. However, one has to remember that too much of a good thing can be bad so one should never over indulge. On the other hand even a small bite of dark chocolate regularly might do wonders for one.

The Power of Media in the Digital Age Essay examples -- Exploratory Es

The Power of Media in the Digital Age      Ã‚   Across from my old high school, where once a pool hall seduced us away from classes, there is now a trendy bar and grill frequented by the recently-graduated. I visited this establishment to reflect upon the nature of media, culture and what it means to be literate in the 21st century. The implications for teachers, libraries and society in general may be daunting, but they hint at excitement, too. There I was, an English major, a man of the book as it were, all ready to cast aspersions left, right and center at these clearly illiterate, shallow young hipsters. Within sight of my old high school library, I was ready to join the crowd of experts and decry the decay of our culture, the inevitable devolution to a monosyllabic, non- print bunch of video heads. This was culture at its lowest brow, with no concept of canonical values or the means to access them. Media shaped these minds and what a mess had been made. Such doom and gloom scenarios are common enough. Fortunately, I paused and took a slightly deeper look at what I was really seeing.    The room featured eight television sets, three of them nearly theatre size, with no two featuring the same show. There were a few sporting events, CNN Headline News on one, at least two different music videos, while a number of the sets were broadcasting an interactive trivia game played by patrons on small portable keyboards. Sprinkled throughout the bar were a variety of entertainment newspapers, some magazines and at least one person was reading a book in the relative solitude of a corner. People talked with others around them and interspers... ...the media-cultural soup around them to worry about what is media and culture. The question of literacy in the face of such change is still up in the air at this time, but is worthy of further discussion. Digital media, however, continue to be the major shapers of the path of our culture. We can argue that the bus is going too fast, but we do not necessarily want to make this observation from behind in a cloud of dust at the stop.       Works Cited Ayer, Pico. "History? Education? Zap! Pow! Cut!". Echoes 12. Toronto: Oxford UP. 2002 Burke, James. The Knowledge Web. New York: Simon and Schuster. 1999 De Kerckhove, Derrick. The Skin of Culture. Toronto: Somerville House. 1995 Manguel, Alberto. A History of Reading. New York: Penguin Books. 1996 Postman, Neil. Technopoly. New York: Vintage Books. 1993   

Evansville Sewer Replacement Project Essays -- sanitary sewer, indoor

In researching decision making topics, I chose to investigate the decisions that went into implementing the Evansville Sewer Replacement project and the impacts it had to consumers and local government officials. In order to understand and research the decisions made, I also had to explore the details of the project and what made up the initiative, its purpose, and its effect on consumers. Throughout research, it was determined that this project came about because of many factors over a period of time and the timeline of the project was based on and affected by decisions made by the city government. The purpose of the Evansville Sewer Replacement initiative is to eliminate the use of Combined Sewer Outflows (About CSOs) in the City of Evansville within twenty years (Martin). This initiative was directed by the government and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA enforces the Clean Water Act of 1972, which mandates the control of these CSO’s across the United States and demands that the city prepare a long-term plan in line with appropriate water quality standards (Program Facts). Due to the city’s decision throughout history to underinvest in their sewer system, they now are faced with having to address a significant issue of updating an aging system that requires many updates in order to comply with these federal mandates at a substantial cost (Evansville Water and Sewer Utility). CSO’s are combined sanitary sewers that carry both sewage and storm water and the overage exceeds the capacity of the infrastructure (Program Facts). Around 100 years ago, many cities such as Evansville began building storm sewers to carry wastewater away from homes, businesses, and the streets. Then, with the installation of ind... ...ht Banks. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Apr. 2014. . Evansville Water and Sewer Utility. Funding Our City’s Sewer Improvements. N.p.: Evansville Water and Sewer Utility, n.d. www.evansville.in.gov. Renew Evansville. Web. 25 Apr. 2014. . Martin, John. "City, Feds Working to Finalize Plan to Curb Combined Sewer Overflows." Courier and Press. Scripps Interactive Newspapers Group, 22 Mar. 2013. Web. 12 Apr. 2014. . "Program Facts." Evansville.IN.Gov. Renew Evansville, 01 May 2013. Web. 12 Apr. 2014. . 2012 Combined Sewer Overflow Operation Plan (CSOOP) Update. Evansville: Evansville Water and Sewer Utility, 12 Nov. 2012. PDF.

Importance of Sports Essay

Here’s hoping that now you know what is the importance of sports. Besidesbeing important for kids, taking up asports careerin adult life, has its ownbenefits. A sportsperson often travels to other countries to play matches andin the process, learns a great deal about the cultures of these countries. Eventhe spectators or TV viewers are thoroughly entertained while watchingprofessional sports, making it an excellent recreational activity. 3 We live in jet age. Life has become so easier than ever before. Withadvancing technologies our lives have become comfortable. But in today’sworld under the spell of technology we are ignoring our health. Even kidsrather than going out and playing with friends prefer watching television,playing computer games,or surf the net. Playing Sports keeps us physically fit and mentally alert. It keeps us healthywhich is the most important thing of all!! as it is indeed equal to all thewealth in the world,for you may have money but if you have not got health toenjoy it what is its use ? We have variety of sports to choose from like Basketball, Tennis , Football,Cricket, Swimming etc. Besides sports not only helps us to be physically fitbut it also teaches us the values of discipline, loyalty , teamwork, hard-workand honesty which helps us to play the bigger game of life! A true sportsmancelebrates victory and accepts defeat with a smile. To him winning is notimportant but giving his 100% is! But in today’s competitive world studies are given more importance. A childdoesn’t get enough time to play because of constant pressure of studies andhis parents to perform better and better. Hence children ,parents andteachers must understand the importance of sports and give the child enoughtime to play as we all know very well that â€Å"All work and no play makes Jack adull boy! † 4 IMPORTANCE AND BENEFITS OF SPORTS Have you ever thought why people do sports? Absolutely, many people seemnot to know the reasons. As a anectode, there are many people who dosports for nothing around us. Everyday we can encounter with these people. They regularly do sports; however, none of them realizes the benefits andimportance of sports. In fact, vice versa, some people want to be fit andattractive, look smart. Unfortunately, these people can’t consider otherbenefits of sports. In my opinion, there are several benefits of sports thatpeople often do not consider: sports are required to be healthy people, areneeded for enjoyment, and are great market for countries’ economies. The first advantage of sports for people is that they help people be healthy,and be fit. Throughout history, people can’t give up their interest at theirbody. I belive that now many people love themselves no matter how beautiful or ugly they are. Naturally, people’s first aim should be healthy andfit with the benefits of sports. Due to this fact that Sports keep our bodyhealthy. As a possible example, imagine that there is a car which has notworked for years. If you try to run the motor engine, it will not work anymoresince it has been rusted and its engine may be broken down. As a result,people is smillar to engines and motors. If we don’t do sports, we will beforced to rust, in other words, decomposition of our body; afterwards, wemay have some problems with our body when we even need to small walk. Inaddition, sports balance our body’s blood pressure and circulation. Accordingto many researchs which have been done by scientists, we can prove theimportance of sports for our health because 70% middle aged people who didnot do sports in their youth are now struggling with the problems such ashigh tension, trouble with blood circulation, easily become tired due to thelack of sports. The second advantage of sports for people is that they are required for ourdaily lives and competing at the internatinal area because of enjoyment of sports. For many years, sports have been done by people. For example, haveyou ever thought why people want to play football or other games? Theanswer may be easy since sports are entertaining. They are sometimesmagics as they catch our attention and give us pleasure as much as we need. Sometimes overwhelming life conditions may be unfair and make usunhappy. However, if there is a sport activity when we are unhappy, we willprobably be motivated and be refreshed again after the sport activity. Thisshould be the most important benefit of sports because many people dosports for this reason. In addition, have you ever thought why millions of people watch World Cup match without breathing? There might be somereasons behind the action of watching football match. The most importantone might be the excitement and enjoyment of sport. Football match isexhilating because it gives us pleasure to watch. In the pitch and near thepitch, there are more than 18 men, and they are the representative of oursport culture. Within the excitment of sports, countries are able to compete inthe international area. Due to this fact people like sports since they and theircountries are able to compete and beat opponent countries and this is themost important reason to take pleasure from sports. The final and least advantage of sports is that they are the huge market forcountrie’s economy. First of all, if we look at only football industry. There aremore than thousand professional team and at least these team have 25players. If this is calculated, there are approximately 25000 players withoutworking staff, scouts, coaches and managers. This shoud be the largestindustry which employs many people in Turkey. In addition, countries andclubs have to establish new facilities for sports game. Some of them are thelargest buldings in the entire country that represent countries, for exampleAtaturk Olympic Stadium in Turkey. Supplying funds for this buldings may bethe publicity of countries since constructing well designed stadiums helpcountry preapare or organize big competitons such as World Cup, Olympics,and Tennis Tournaments. Finally, sports allow advertisement companies tomake publicity of strong brands. For example, sponsorship is one of the bestpublicity of one company. Everyone watchs thier favourite team or atlethe,and audiance will probably see the sponsor of team or atlethe. For example, in England, Manchester United which is one of the most powerful clubs ininternational area has a sponsor called Vodafone. I am from Turkey, and Ieven know its sponsor. This will probably show the effectiveness of sponsorship in sports. All in all, we can conclude that there are several advantages and benefits of sports. First, sports are required by people to be fit, smart, and good looking. Second, sports are entertaining due to many facts. Third, sports are the hugemarket for countries’ economies. In my opinion, despite sports’ advantages,many people can’t believe that sports are useful and beneficial. I hope that inthe future these people will tend to be more optimistically to sports sincethey are the neccessity of our lives. 5 Importance Of Sports The Importance of SportsSports are an important part of just about every society, every country,every part of our planet. In one way or another, everyone is involved insports or some sort, whether they’re playing or watching or just knowsomeone who does either. The importance of sports in the life of a young student is invaluable and goesmuch further than the basic answer that â€Å"it keeps kids off the streets. † Itdoes in fact keep kids off the streets, but it also instills lessons that areessential in the life of a student athlete. Sports play a pivotal role in themakeup of a young athlete, especially in the middle school to high schoolyears where student-athletes are much more mature and mentallydeveloped. Where else can a young, impressionable youth learn values likediscipline, responsibility, self-confidence, sacrifice, and accountability? Sports come in many varieties. There are individual sports such as golf orteam sports such as football and hockey. Court sports include badminton andsquash. Other categories are gymnastics, martial arts, racing for example theF1 races, obstacle sports such as skating and indoor sports such as chess andcard games. Football, hockey and basketball are team sports. Teams of eleven or sixplayers square off against each other, with team members helping each otherto win as a team. Sports are played for fun or for money (or sometimes both). Just about everysport has both professionals (those who compete for money) and amateurs(those who compete not for money but for fame or for the sake of competition itself). Many amateurs who are really good at their sport becomeprofessionals. Health is wealth. † Those who have understood the importance of health willtry to keep themselves fit. Apart from a balanced diet, sports are necessaryto maintain our health. If we do not exercise regularly, our body does notdevelop the muscles as well as bones become weak.

How the Bill of Rights Affects My Life

In 1791, the first ten amendments to the Constitution of the United States, also known as the Bill of Rights, become ratified. The Bill of Rights contained freedoms that Americans held to be their inalienable rights, and were so important that before ratifying the Constitution many states insisted on a promise of amendments guaranteeing individual rights. It was created to set limitations on the power of the United States government, protecting the natural rights of liberty and property. The Bill of Rights affects every Americans life, in many different ways: it sets standards for people to live by, it gives us the right to be citizens, and it also gives us freedom of speech. The Bill of Rights gives citizens freedom, but it also crosses the line between right and wrong. It punishes those that have done wrong, and rewards those that deserve it. It basically sets boundaries, not just for the lower or middle class, but for everyone. It reminds me of the Ten Commandments; rules are set for the people of the land, and when those rules are broken, justice is served. The Bill of Rights also gives us the right to be citizens of the United States. Not just anyone can become an actual citizens, most aliens in the U. S. are illegal. Why? Because the Bill of Rights put a stop to them becoming legal; and while that has its positives and negatives, I believe that it’s a good thing that not everyone can become a citizen of our great nation. The culture, the history, the population, all of it would be different if just anyone was allowed in. I wouldn’t be the person that I am today. Lastly, the Bill of Rights grants us the freedom of speech. The liberty to speak our minds and say what we need to say. In so many countries freedom of speech is banned, and here, sometimes even I take it for granted. Freedom of Speech is saying what you believe needs to be said, whether good or bad, without being punished for it. So, as one can see the Bill of Rights not only affects my life, but it also affects the lives of others around me. We the people are so blessed to be citizens of this nation, and to think that our ancestors (somewhere way down the line) were the great minds that created the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights sets standards for people to abide by, it grants select people to become citizens, and it gives us the freedom of speech; but, those are just the highlights and there’s more to that book than just its cover.

The Wonders Of Golf Good And Bad Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Wonders Of Golf Good And Bad - Essay Example Golf is gaining in popularity a lot these days. With players like Tiger Woods and Tom Watson in the professional league earning millions of dollars and making golf gain immense recognition, the game has attracted many new comers from through out the world. Golf also has a lot of other advantages over other sports: Another plus point about this game for newcomers is that they do need partners to play with them. It can be played by a single individual. And unlike other sports such as football and tennis, there is also no upper limit on the number of players that can play at a time. For those people who need exercise but are limited by physical potential to play sports like tennis and squash can play golf. These people usually include middle aged and older men and women. Playing golf does not only provide for them good entertainment for passing time, it also provides to them physical exercise in the natural, outside as they have to walk at least a couple of miles all in the name of fun. Even though golf is gaining popularity through out the world, there still remain people who do not like the idea of a sport that does not demand much from its players physically. There still remains a crowd that believes that this game is more suited for older people than young athletes. The same points that go in favor of the game can be manipulated to go against it too. Young athletes who are attracted to this game must take into consideration that more aggressive games like tennis, squash, basketball etc. are more likely to keep them fit both physically and mentally. Another very important concern related to golf is its environmental impact. The construction and maintenance of the golf courses is very costly and uses up thousands of gallons of water and in today's world where there is scarcity of a resource like water, it is quite shocking. Conclusion There are many wonderful things about golf. It's nice being outdoors playing a relatively peaceful game in the open, under the sky, with the trees and beautiful scenery around. But it is clear that when it comes to physical exertion and fitness, the game does not have much to offer compared to the other games. Ultimately then, it depends on the player who has to make the choice between the different sports available to him and whether he chooses golf as a sport for himself or not, depends on his preferences. Works Cited 1) Adler, Ben. "The case against golf." 14 june 2007. www.commentisfree.guardian.co.uk. 26 may 2008 . 2) NYTimes. "Golf is growing in favor." 4 october 1891. query.nytimes.com. 26 may 2008 . 3) Jean Wyrics. Steps to Writing Well. 6th Edition, isbn#1-4130-0109-2.